Tiny Fromelles Museum Hits The Big Time

Pheasant Wood Search Recognised

The internationally acclaimed London Science Museum has announced that it will mount a special exposition next year featuring the Battle of Fromelles and the search at Pheasant Wood for the Australian and British dead buried by the Germans after the battle.

In doing so the giant London organization has recognized the excellence of its tiny Fromelles counterpart by seeking permission to borrow some artefacts from the battle. (Some artefacts from the battlefield at the Fromelles Museum at right)

The small but superb Fromelles Musee de la Guerre, run by a local organisation called the Association pour le Souvenir de la Bataille de Fromelles, will provide a number of objects found on the battlefield.

The driving force behind the Fromelles Museum, Martial Delebarre, confirmed he had responded to the request suggesting four objects: a spoon from a British soldier; a Rising Sun Australian insignia; an imperial tobacco pipe; and a compass belonging to a British officer.

“I have sent photos of these objects to London. I am now waiting for their response. The objects will be lentprepared for 5 years, the length of the exposition,” he said.

M Delabarre added that the London Science Museum planned to dedicate one of its galleries to the search of Pheasant Wood, focusing on the identification, using DNA, of the remains of the exhumed Australian and British soldiers and Australian soldiers.

The Pheasant Wood resulted from a six-year quest by Australian amateur historian Lambis Englezos and his team of supporters, in Australia and overseas.

The Imperial War Museum is apparently also considering an exhibition on Fromelles. The hope is that these two expositions will coincide for several weeks around the time of the official commemoration of the new Fromelles village cemetery, on the 19th July next year. This cemetery will receive the exhumed remains of the Australian and British soldiers recently exhumed from the mass graves where they were buried by the Germans in the days following the battle on July 19 1916.

The news is a wonderful recognition of the work of those who have for so long fought to recover the Fromelles Missing and it’s a fitting honour for the Missing themselves and for their families, who have waited for almost a century for resolution.

Let’s hope it prompts the authorities to redouble their efforts to use all available means, especially DNA, to identify as many of the Missing as possible before next year’s re-interment so they can be buried under their names.

A Small Step for Diggers' Families ... A Long Way to Go

Last week we saw some long overdue good news for the widows of our military personnel. But we have a long way to go to give them what they deserve: financial security allowing them to educate their children and to live with dignity.

Last week, Minister for Defence Personnel, Greg Combet, announced increases of between 14 and 21% for members of the Military Superannuation and Benefits Scheme – all backdated to July 1 2007.

Widows of personnel who are killed on duty can choose a lump sum payment or a pension or a combination of both. The new lump sum for widows of privates has been lifted by 14%, up $72,000 to $579,000. A sergeant’s widow’s payout will also rise 14% from $672,000 to $765,000 and a captain’s similarly from $714,660 to $814,400.

A private’s widow’s pension will now be $37,487 (or $720 a week), up 21%. The sergeant’s equivalent will rise by 21% to $49,500 ($952 a week) and a captain’s also up 14% to $52,727 ($1013 a week).

But, bizarrely, the war widow’s pension is still indexed at a lower rate than a general welfare pension. Surely, this situation is absurd and insulting and must be changed as soon as possible.

The least our nation should be giving these bereaved families is financial security. The Defence Association believes that the families of those killed on active duty should receive a home and be paid the equivalent of the dead soldier’s salary until he would have retired.

Is this too much to ask from a nation that asked the soldier to put his life at risk for us?

Fromelles Mystery Continiues

It seems possible that there may be even more Australian Diggers missing from the Battle of Fromelles than first thought in the mass grave at Pheasant Wood where the Germans buried British and Australian dead after the battle on July 19 1916.

Lambis Englezos at Rue Petillon Cemetery, near Fromelles

Lambis Englezos and his team have German and Red Cross records to suggest around 190 Australians were buried at Pheasant Wood. But Lambis now believes it’s possible that number may rise and the number of British soldiers buried there may be fewer than first thought.

That supposition would have some battlefield logic to support it because the British dead would have to have been carried some kilometres from where they died on the far side of the Sugar Loaf salient to Pheasant Wood.

The Commonwealth War Graves Commission has been keeping a very tight lid on information from the archaeological dig to exhume the remains found at Pheasant Wood.

They have confirmed that a total of 250 sets of remains have been recovered (around 50 in each of five main pits) and that they have now been anthropologically examined (to detect their nationality). These now lie in storage, recorded according to grave number, layer number in each grave where they were found and the other remains with which each was buried.  The CWGC has also said that the ‘vast majority’ of remains found in the first three burial pits were Australian. 

They have made no pronouncement of the nationality of the two remaining pits, each with around 50 remains, or the sixth pit, which had just six remains in it. So we don't yet know the total number of Australians found in the mass grave.

As Lambis suggests, it’s possible that more than 200 of the remains at Pheasant Wood are Australian.

Let’s hope the CWGC gives us some details of the full nationality breakdown of the remains soon. And let’s hope the Australian Government expedites the gathering of DNA material from the Australian families of the Fromelles missing so we can move closer to identification and individual burials.

The Fromelles Pen Stands Poised

In a wonderful vindication of the adage, the pen has outlived the sword at Pheasant Wood, site of the mass grave of the missing soldiers of Fromelles, and is poised to write the final chapter of this sad but fascinating story.

This remarkably preserved fountain pen was found with the remains of one of the missing men amongst the carnage at Pheasant Wood. What a powerful symbol it is. This gentle object is redolent of the personal stories of these long-forgotten souls: it hints at their stories yet to be told.

It was the pen that finally relocated the Fromelles missing: the relentless research of Lambis Englezos and his supporters and the books and articles calling for the authorities to examine his claims that finally convinced them to act.

It will be the pen recording the marvels of modern science that will finally allow us to identify the missing soldiers and give them the dignity of a named, individual grave.

But concern is growing at the tardiness by the authorities in taking DNA samples from the relatives of the missing to assist in the identification of the remains.  Many of these relatives are elderly. It would be an unforgivable missed opportunity if they were to leave us before they have given their DNA.

The remains have now been recovered. Why the delay in proceeding to the next step in the identification process?

Kokoda Demands Respect

This week’s tragic deaths on the Kokoda Track remind us that we must treat the Track with the respect it demands.  For the vast majority of us, it’s the toughest physical challenge we will ever face and we must prepare for it accordingly.

The Track crosses some of the harshest terrain in the world, set in a tropical pressure cooker.  It’s more accurately described as a climb rather than a walk.  It’ll push your cardio-vascular endurance to previously unexplored limits.  It’ll give your knees and quads the ultimate examination: many sections are over slopes so steep you can put your hand out and touch the ground in front of you. And then there are the descents, which produce what the Diggers called ‘laughing knees’ – trembles from the unaccustomed repetition of clambering down, lurching from rock, to tree root to crevice. Someone used a GPS to calculate that these relentless up-and-downs along the Track are the equivalent of climbing Mount Everest.

Perhaps the numbers of those who have made the crossing in recent years have created the impression that anyone can do it.  If so, rest assured, it’s a false impression.

To understand the terrain, imagine rainforest jungle like Australia’s Daintree, then lay it thickly over PNG’s mighty Owen Stanley mountain range, which climbs twice as high as Mount Kosciusko and is made up of a wicked series of shark-toothed ridgelines over scores of raging white-water rivers and creeks spilling from the heights.

There are no roads, just a tiny, meandering, often treacherous, native walking path that winds its way through the maze.  In some places it’s only as wide as a human body – a temporary passageway forced by machete through the dense foliage.  Elsewhere, it opens to a majestic jungle cathedral topped by a thick tree canopy 50 metres high.  But mostly it’s a series of tenuous footholds up the towering hillsides, along knife-edged ridges, down the sheer gullies and across the streams, many of which can only be crossed by inching over a fallen tree trunk.

Even those who are fit for other sports must train specifically for the Track’s unique demands: the long hours of walking (sometimes ten hours a day); the enervating humidity; the dramatic loss of fluids through sweating, requiring constant hydration; the strains on joints and muscles; and the effects of a relentless sun.

Ultimately, each trekker must take responsibility for his or her fitness for the challenge. There is danger in the journey. The quest is great but the rewards are equally substantial.

Walking the Kokoda Track is a life-changing experience – an immense physical, emotional and spiritual challenge. It’s also a fascinating journey of personal exploration and one of the most deeply satisfying achievements most of us will ever claim.

Kokoda ... Time to Work Together

Now is the time for all those imbued with the spirit of Kokoda to join forces to address the problems on the Track.

The latest tragedy - another trekker lost, a father brimming with passion and walking to raise funds to help Camp Quality - has brought out the usual criticisms from the usual suspects. But what we need is positive leadership to unite our efforts rather than another storm of negativity.

The Australian and PNG Governments - through their joint Kokoda Initiative - have been working together to improve the operation of the trekking industry and to bring benefits to the communities along the Track.

The revamped Kokoda Track Authority (KTA), the PNG local authority empowered to administer trekking, is trying to set guidelines and oversee their implementation.  (The KTA is being assisted by a number of temporary Australian administrators, who will mentor their local successors over the next two years. 

The Kokoda trekking industry has grown in a rapid and freeform manner, especially over the last decade.  Around 6000 trekkers make the crossing each year, generating up to $50m annually.  It is PNG’s biggest tourist attraction. 

Many individuals and organisations have benefitted greatly from this growth. Air Niugini and Qantas have made windfall gains from this massive increase in traffic and trekking operators have made handsome profits, the vast bulk of which comes back to Australia.

How much of this money has filtered back to the people living along the Track, over whose land we walk?  The answer, sadly, is a pittance. 

The only money that directly benefits the Track communities comes from the tiny amounts trekkers pay for food and local craft items (most trekking companies advise their trekkers to bring about 200 Kina in cash, or about $85, for this purpose); from the earnings of local porters and guides (around 60 Kina a day); and from campsite fees (about 20 Kina per person).

Each trekker is supposed to pay a 200 Kina ($85) trekking fee to the KTA. These fees are then used to upgrade community facilities along the Track and to administer and monitor trekking.

Unfortunately, the original KTA was dysfunctional and many Australian-based trekking companies failed to pay this fee in the past. But the new KTA is collecting and distributing this income and Track communities are starting to benefit from it.

In addition, the benefits of the Kokoda Initiative’s Development Program, largely delivered through AusAid, are starting to be seen on the ground.

All the while, NGOs like the Kokoda Track Foundation and Rotary continue to deliver their aid programs to help improve the lives of the local people in education, health and community development.

What we need most is a coordinated approach to helping our nearest neighbour.  The Kokoda Track Foundation has created a forum, called Kokoda Link, to serve as an online community notice board.

If you have a Kokoda project:

If you have a philanthropic organisation with an interest in Kokoda:

• please consider supporting an existing project that accords with your aims, or
• if you plan a new project, check how it affects existing projects.

If you just have a passion for Kokoda you can help in a variety of ways:

• Join the Kokoda Track Foundation
• Support its projects (eg Adopt An Angel under which $300 will pay for a primary school scholarship for a year)
• Support other projects on Kokoda Link.

Our War Widows ... Our National Shame

All Australians should be ashamed of our Government’s appalling treatment of the families of those members of our defence forces who die on active service.

The latest example is the unforgivable treatment of the widow of Sgt Brett Till. Six months ago Sgt Till was killed while trying to disarm a roadside bomb in Afghanistan.  Just two weeks later, his widow, Breeanna, pregnant with the couple’s third child, found that her late husband’s weekly wage dropped from $905 to $305.

This places her on the same level of financial support as a single mother on welfare. This is simply unacceptable. 

Any Australian who places his life on the line for our nation should do so knowing that, should the worst happen, his family would be financially secure for life.

Our politicians are always there for the photo opportunity when our Defence Forces leave for an overseas deployment.  They line up for the on-site photo tour with their borrowed flak jackets and helmets. They mouth their “profound sympathy” condolences when tragedy strikes … then they turn their eyes away.

Even their senior comrades in the military must do more to change a deeply flawed system. The Chief of the Defence Force, Air Chief Marshal Angus Houston was quoted as saying: “To the family, I say that our thoughts and prayers – my thoughts and prayers – are with you. I’ll ensure you’re supported through your time of grief.”

Breeanna Till and the growing list of widows like her cannot live on thoughts and prayers. Their families have made terrible personal sacrifices for our nation. They are not statistics. They are real people. They have real needs: housing; living expenses; education costs.

The time has come for our government to accept its sacred duty and ensure that this system is changed and changed urgently. If necessary, our military commanders should take the initiative and publicly advocate the change, shaming the government into action if necessary.

 

RESOLUTION NEAR AT FROMELLES

The descendants of the Missing soldiers of Fromelles are tantalisingly close to the resolution that has eluded them for 93 years.  We must not fail them now in honouring the missing by identifying them and giving them an individual, named grave.

And it seems a pity that artificial deadlines will mean that the vast majority of the missing will be buried before they are identified, thus depriving their descendants of the chance to be present when they are interred in the new cemetery now being constructed across the road from the Fromelles Church.

Thanks to the unceasing work of Lambis Englezos and his supporters, around 250 individual remains have now been exhumed from the mass grave at Pheasant Wood, just below the village of Fromelles, where the Germans buried them after the Battle of Fromelles on July 19 1916. 

I say this because it should not be forgotten that were it not for Lambis and his team’s dogged determination, the missing would still be languishing, unrecognised, in Flanders mud.  Almost to a man, the authorities denied Lambis’ claims every step of the way – the same authorities which denied Lambis a meaningful role in the recovery process.

The current plan is that all the remains will be buried in the new cemetery on the anniversary of the battle next year – whether they have been identified or not.  Those identified will be buried under an individual tombstone; those unidentified will be buried in an ‘unknown soldier’ grave, which will be changed to their name later should they be subsequently identified.

Last June, a British forensics firms was awarded a five-year contract to try to identify the missing soldiers.  That means the process will continue through to 2014.  Is it not possible to wait until remains are identified before burial so descendants can be present at that sacred ceremony.

For descendants like Tim Whitford, whose great uncle Harry Willis almost certainly lies amongst the Pheasant Wood missing, it has been a long and painful journey.  Tim, a former Australian soldier himself, has played a leading role with Lambis Englezos in his quest to first discover the final resting place of the missing and then to identify them.

Harry Willis was a 20-year-old private from Gippsland who died in the disastrous attack that saw almost 2000 Australians killed and another 3500 wounded, missing or taken prisoner.  Harry’s family, along with those of hundreds of his mates, have lived for almost a century without any knowledge of his final resting place. 

Now we are so close to finding Harry Willis and his mates, surely we can grant them the honour of an individual funeral.